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1. Wide dynamic range New advances in circuit design have made a 102 dB dynamic range (500 Hz IF bandwidth) possible. 2. General coverage reception from 100 kHz to 30 MHz In addition to transmission and reception on all amateur bands from 1.8 to 28 MHz, the TS-440S provides a continuous tuning general coverage Receiver with a range of 100 kHz to 30 MHz. 3. Automatic Antenna Tuner The optional, built-in automatic Antenna Tuner will operate from 3.5 to 28 MHz. 4. All-mode operation USB, LSB, CW, AM, FM, and AFSK modes are provided. 5. 100% continuous duty transmit Transmission at a 100% duty cycle is possible for relatively long durations (one hour or less) in any mode, including FM and AFSK. 6. CW full break-in Full break-in operation is possible in the CW mode. Rapid transmit/receive switching also makes the radio suitable for data communications in the SSB mode, such as AMTOR. 7. Build-in XIT XIT (Transmitter incremental tuning) allows fine tuning of the Transmitter frequency. 8. Switchable IF bandwidth The IF bandswitch allows you to tailor the Receiver bandwidth to the operating conditions. Several selections are provided; AUTO, W (Wide), M1 (Medium 1), M2 (Medium 2) and N (Narrow). When the AUTO position has been selected the radio will select the optimum bandwidth for the selected mode of operation. 9. Switchable AGC time constant A switch is provided to select either FAST or SLOW AGC action. 10. All mode squelch 11. Built-in RF power/SWR meter 12. Versatile frequency control • Accurate frequency selection is possible due to the use of a single reference Oscillator circuit. • Continuous tuning of all frequencies thru the use of digital VFO technology. The basic 10 Hz step tuning rate is modified, according to the selected mode, for optimum tuning speed and accuracy. An automatic fast scan function is also provided. • Dual, digital VFO's (A/B) enable crossband, cross mode operation. • 100-channel memory (including 10 odd-split channels) stores the frequency, band, and mode. • Memory scan and two programmable scan ranges. • Direct entry of the desired frequency using the front panel numeric keypad is also possible. • A memory scroll function allows review of the memory channel contents. • Selection of the desired memory channel Ts possible using either the TUNING dial or microphone UP/DOWN pushbuttons. • The T-F SET function is useful for split frequency operation. • An optional tone unit TU-8 may be used in conjunction with the odd-split memory channels to allow 10 meter Repeater operations with CTCSS access. • Optional computer interface. • Built-in long-life memory back-up battery. • 2-color fluorescent display tube indicates frequency and other operational data. 13. Front panel control of the TUNING dial torque is provided.

1. FEATURES ... 3 2. INSTALLATION ... 4 2-1. PRECAUTIONS ... 4 2-2. FIXED STATION ... 4 2-2-1. Interconnection ... 4 2-2-2. Grounding ... 4 2-2-3. Antenna ... 5 2-2-4. Key connection ... 5 2-3. MOBILE ... 5 2-3-1. Mounting bracket installation ... 5 2-3-2. Power Supply connection ... 5 3. OPERATION ... 6 3-1. OPERATING CONTROLS ... 6 3-1.-1. Front panel ... 6 3-1-2. Rear panel ... 10 3-1 -3. Top cover ... 11 3-2. RECEIVE ... 12 3-2-1. Initial setting ... 12 3-2-2. CW zero-beat operation ... 12 3-2-3. Direct keyboard frequency entry ... 13 3-2-4. AM reception ... 13 3-3. TRANSMIT ... 13 3-3-1. SSB (LSB, USB) mode ... 13 3-3-2. CW mode ... 14 (a) Semi-automatic break-in ... 14 (b) Full-automatic break-in ... 14 3-3-3. FM mode ... 14 • Subaudible tone ... 15 3-3-4. AM mode ... 15 3-4. AUTOMATIC Antenna Tuner ... 15 3-5. DUAL DIGITAL VFO's ... 15 3-5-1. Why two VFO's ... 15 3-5-2. Split frequency ... 15 (a) A = B switch ... 1 5 (b) A/B switch ... 1 5 (c) SPLIT switch ... 15 (d) T-F SET switch ... 15 3-6. MEMORY ... 16 3-6-1. Memory entry ... 16 3-6-2. Transferring memory information to the VFO ... 16 3-6-3. Transferring data between memory channels ... 17 3-6-4. Entering/Transferring data in the split frequency channels ... 17 3-6-5. Clearing a memory channel ... 17 3-6-6. Memory recall ... 17 3-7. SCAN ... 17 3-7-1. Memory scan ... 17 3-7-2. Program scan ... 18 3-7-3. Scan speed ... 18 3-7-4. Memory channel lockout ... 18 3-8. AFSK ... 19 3-8-1. Reception ... 19 3-8-2. Transmit ... 19 3-8-3. AMTOR operation ... 19 3-9. OPERATION WITH A LINEAR Amplifier.. 19 4. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ... 20 4-1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ... 20 4-2. Transmitter SECTION ... 20 4-3. Receiver SECTION ... 20 4-4. CIRCUIT BOARD DESCRIPTION ... 20 4-4-1. RF unit (X44-1680-00) ... 20 4-4-2. IF unit (X60-1 300-00) ... 20 4-4-3. Control unit (X53-1450-00) ... 20 4-4-4. PLL unit (X 50-2050-00) ... 20 4-4-5. Final unit (X45-1470-00) ... 20 4-4-6. Filter unit (X51-1 340-00) ... 20 4-4-7. AT (Automatic Antenna Tuner) unit (X57-1150-00) ... 20 5. MAINTENANCE AND ADJUSTMENT ... 21 5-1. GENERAL INFORMATION ... 21 5-2. SERVICE ... 21 5-3. CLEANING ... 21 5-4. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY ... 21 5-5. MICROPROCESSOR BACK-UP LITHIUM BATTERY ... 22 5-6. MICROPROCESSOR RESET ... 22 5-7. ORDERING SPARE PARTS ... 22 5-8. ADJUSTMENTS ... 23 5-8-1. Cover removal ... 23 5-8-2. Internal views ... 23 5-8-3. Digital display calibration ... 24 5-8-4. Optional 10 Hz display resolution ... 24 5-8-5. CW zero beat frequency selection ... 24 5-8-6. Side tone level ... 25 5-8-7. Beep tone selection ... 25 5-8-8. Beep tone level ... 25 5-8-9. Tuning dial torque ... 26 5-8-10. Linear Amplifier control ... 26 6. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES ... 27 6-1. CRYSTAL FILTER INSTALLATION ... 27 6-2. VOICE SYNTHESIZER UNIT VS-1 INSTALLATION ... 28 6-3. INTERFACE IC KIT IC-10 INSTALLATION ... 29 6-4. OTHER ACCESSORIES ... 30 7. BLOCK DIAGRAM ... 33 8. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ... 34 9. SPECIFICATIONS AND ACCESSORIES ... 41 9-1. SPECIFICATIONS ... 41 9-2. ACCESSORIES ... 42 10. REFERENCE ... 43 10-1. Antenna INSTALLATION ... 43 10-1-1. Fixed station ... 43 10-1-2. Mobile ... 43 10-2. MOBILE OPERATION ... 44 10-2-1. Installation ... 44 10-2-2. Noise reduction ... 45 10-2-3. Battery capacity ... 45 10-3. RADIO FREQUENCY ALLOCATION ... 46